The Argentine and Uruguayan tradition of tango, today known throughout the world, was born in the Río de la Plata basin, among the popular classes of the cities of Buenos Aires and Montevideo. In this region, where European immigrants, descendants of African slaves and native Creoles mix, an amalgamation of customs, beliefs and rites was produced that became a specific cultural identity. Among the most characteristic expressions of that identity are the music, dance and poetry of tango, which are, at the same time, an incarnation and a vector of diversity and cultural dialogue. Practiced in the milongas – typical dance halls – of Buenos Aires and Montevideo, tango has spread the spirit of its community throughout the world, adapting to new environments and the passage of time. That community today includes musicians, professional and amateur dancers, choreographers, composers, lyricists and teachers who teach this art and make it possible to discover the living national treasures that embody the culture of tango. Tango is also present in national heritage celebrations, both in Argentina and Uruguay, which shows the vast reach of this popular urban music.